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Elapidae · Global account with Philippine editorial coverage

Spiny-headed seasnake

Hydrophis peronii(DUMÉRIL, 1853)

Length
Length not yet addedAtlas entry awaiting completion
Venom status
VenomousHuman effects: atlas summary awaiting completion
Known venom effects
Effects not yet summarised in this atlas
Size & venom sources

Venom: Basic classification explicitly recorded in the species account. Detailed effects and medical significance have not yet been summarised here.

Species account, Comments

Venom effects and medical significance are different from toxicity rankings. Do not handle a snake on the basis of this summary.

The account records a marine habitat. Island names on the map identify reported coastal areas; they are not land occupancy or a boundary of the species’ marine range. Philippine occurrence is listed, with island-level detail still unresolved.

OccurrenceQuestionable
Islands named0
Natural history4 sourced topics
References3

Literature updated 2026-10-07 · Editorial review pending

Explore the island records ↓

Species portrait

Hydrophis peronii

Image to follow
Reserved for a contributor imageCredit and usage rights will accompany the image.

The illustrated collection

Adult & juvenile

Adult · study plate

Hydrophis peronii

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Reserved for a contributor imageCredit and usage rights will accompany the image.

Juvenile · study plate

Hydrophis peronii

Image to follow
Reserved for a contributor imageCredit and usage rights will accompany the image.

Life stages will be labelled from the contributor’s information. Images alone do not establish identification or a locality record.

Media provenance

Every image carries its source.

Contributor images are forthcoming. Photographs and illustrations will retain their individual credits, permissions and evidence notes.

One species · Across borders

Global distribution

Explore the recorded countries and islands. Select a highlighted area to see its distribution evidence.

Recorded distribution

Loading geographic boundaries…

ListedIntroducedUncertain

Click a highlighted country to zoom in and explore its records.

Outlines locate marine/coastal records, not land occupancy. Uncoloured areas do not establish absence.

Natural Earth · 1:50m · public domain. Small islands may lack an outline.

Explore the distribution

Across borders

9 recorded countries & territories

Select a highlighted area to see its status, island records and sources. Each country and island links to the same shared species collection.

Use “Worldwide records” to include distant introduced and uncertain records in the map view.

Indonesian locality notes and qualifications

Explicit Indonesian country or island locality supports inclusion.

A closer look

Natural history & identification

Distribution

Philippine occurrence unresolved in the synopsis.

Evidence & scope

Literature documented · p. 465

Coastal island outlines are geographic context, not a mapped marine range.

Reproduction

The species account records live-bearing reproduction, using the term ovoviviparous. A verified Philippine litter-size range and reproductive calendar are not established here.

Evidence & scope

Literature documented · Reproduction field

Reproductive mode reported for this named species.

Mode alone does not establish litter or clutch size, seasonal timing, or captive husbandry requirements.

Ecology & habitat

The account records a marine habitat. Island names on the map identify reported coastal areas; they are not land occupancy or a boundary of the species’ marine range.

Evidence & scope

Literature documented · Comment: Habitat

Species-level database summary; literature review, not expert validation.

The cited account does not establish population-wide variation or the conditions at every Philippine locality.

Taxonomic context

Hydrophis peronii is retained in the atlas’s dated checklist under Elapidae. The authority is (DUMÉRIL 1853). Earlier names and the original source notes are preserved below for comparison.

Evidence & scope

Literature documented · Checklist identity and nomenclatural trail

Checklist verified 2026-09-05; not a newly revised taxonomic backbone.

Historical names can cover different biological concepts; synonyms should not be used to transfer records automatically.

Across the archipelago

Where this species is recorded

Philippines
Hydrophis peronii — all named islands

No island-level areas available

Blue outlines locate coastal records, not land occupancy or marine range boundaries.

Philippine distribution

Documented places

Philippine occurrence disputed. Philippine occurrence unresolved in the synopsis.

Geographic detail still needed

Conflicting or questioned records are retained in the sources, without colouring a confirmed range.

Distribution record & sources

Gulf of Siam, Vietnam, Thailand, China (South Chinese sea, coast of Guangdong and Strait of Taiwan), Indonesia, Philippines, Papua New Guinea, New Caledonia, Australia (Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia) Type locality: New Holland (= Australia)

References attached to this species account. Island-specific evidence is shown separately where available.

The Reptile Database — species checklist, 17 June 2026 ↗

Synopsis of the Snakes of the Philippines: A Synthesis of Data from Biodiversity Repositories, Field Studies, and the Literature ↗

Hydrophis peronii — The Reptile Database species account ↗

Living with wildlife

Give this snake space.

Venomous · Effects not yet summarised in this atlas

Observe from a distance. Do not handle, corner or capture a snake to identify it. An incomplete venom account is not evidence that a species is safe to handle.

After a suspected snakebite, keep the person still and arrange urgent medical care. Avoid tight tourniquets, cutting, suction and unproven remedies. Do not wait to identify the snake before seeking help.

WHO guidance on snakebite first aid

Species record

Taxonomy, occurrence & evidence.

Identity

Accepted name
Hydrophis peronii
Common names
Spiny-headed seasnake · Chinese: 棘眦海蛇
Authority
(DUMÉRIL 1853)
Year described
1853
Taxonomic status
Accepted species
Family
Elapidae
Subfamily
Hydrophiinae
Genus
Hydrophis
Species epithet
peronii
Persistent ID
PH-SERP-767F1022AA
Checklist checked
2026-09-05

Philippine occurrence

Status
Present
Confidence
Questionable
Basis
Distribution reviewed against cited source (p. 465). Philippine occurrence unresolved in the synopsis.
Islands named
None explicitly extracted

Range noteCountry/island text is not a range polygon or locality record.

Source distribution statement

Gulf of Siam, Vietnam, Thailand, China (South Chinese sea, coast of Guangdong and Strait of Taiwan), Indonesia, Philippines, Papua New Guinea, New Caledonia, Australia (Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia) Type locality: New Holland (= Australia)

Knowledge coverage

EndemismResearch pending
EcologyLiterature documented
VenomVenomous
Effects not yet summarised in this atlas
Detailed research: Research pending
ConservationResearch pending

Names through time

Nomenclatural trail

Acalyptus Peronii DUMÉRIL 1853 Acalyptus superciliosus Peroni — DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1854: 1340 Acalyptus superciliosus — FISCHER 1856: 37 Acalyptophis peronii BOULENGER 1896: 269 Pseudodisteira horrida KINGHORN 1926 Acalyptophis peronii — SMITH 1974: 105 Acalyptophis peroni — HARDING & WELCH 1980 Acalyptophis peronii — COX et al. 1998: 34 Acalyptophis peronii — MURPHY, COX & VORIS 1999 Acalyptophis peronii — COGGER 2000: 698 Acalyptophis peronii — WILSON & SWAN 2010: 518 Hydrophis peronii — SANDERS et al. 2012 Acalyptophis peronii — WALLACH et al. 2014: 3 Acalyptophis peronii — COGGER 2014: 813 Acalyptophis peronii — CHAN-ARD et al. 2015: 268 Hydrophis peronii — EIPPER & EIPPER 2024: 268

Taxonomic and source notes

Venomous! Synonymy: partly after COGGER 1983. Illustration: Plate 40E in ZHAO & ADLER 1993. Type species: this is the type species of the genus Acalyptophis BOULENGER 1896. The genus Acalyptus is preoccupied by Acalyptus Schoenherr 1836 (Coleoptera). Distribution: not in New South Wales fide Swan et al. 2017, Field Guide. Habitat: marine

References attached to this record

2026

The Reptile Database — species checklist, 17 June 2026

Uetz, P.; Freed, P.; Aguilar, R.; Reyes, F.; Kudera, J.; Hošek, J. (eds.)

Open source ↗
2018

Synopsis of the Snakes of the Philippines: A Synthesis of Data from Biodiversity Repositories, Field Studies, and the Literature

Leviton, A. E.; Siler, C. D.; Weinell, J. L.; Brown, R. M.

Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 64(14): 399–568

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.11512589

Open source ↗
n.d.

Hydrophis peronii — The Reptile Database species account

Uetz, P.; Hallermann, J. et al. (editors)

Public species fields consulted for bounded biological summaries. Primary sources quoted within the database were not independently examined unless explicitly stated. The catalogue name may differ from the current source title.

Open source ↗